Apparatus for the process of destructive distillation of organic matter



Oct. 19 1926. @593,345 w. s@ LJUNGDAHL APPARATUS FOR THE PROCESS OF DESTRUCTIVE DSTILLATION OF ORGANIC MATTER original Filed Sept 13. 1922 FUENACE W".' K. gungdahl Patented @et 19, 1926.,

UNITED Sllriylht PATENT? OFFICE.

WILLIAM K, L'J'UNGDAHL, OF BEND, OREG-ON, ASSIGNOR TO ALBERT W. COOPER, OF PORTLAND, OREGON.

APPARATUS FOR THE EROGESS OF DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION O F ORGANIC MATTER.

Continuation of application Serial No. 587,971, filed September 13, 1922. This application filed January My invention relates `especially to a regenerating apparatus v,and the construction thereof, Whichis used for regenerating gas in thedestructiye process. This application is a continuation of my forfeited application7 Serial No. 587,971, liled Sept 18, 1922. The object of my invention is to (provide a regenerator having chambers through which ythe Agases employed as a destructive medium can `be forced, heated and prepared for the kiln or retort in which they are to be used and a `method of controlling the gases used in the process. The regenerator is especially constructed and adapted -for employment in ycombination with kilns or retorts used in the destructive distillation .ot organic matter. I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying` drawing, ,iny `which the Figure I1 is a vertical longitudinal sectionalong` the line `am?) in `Figure 2. Figure 2'is'a horizontal plan vieiv o'll the regenerator on la smaller scale and associated with vthe kiln.

lThe generators 1 and 2 are identical in construction'having?,` chambers 3, 3 and 1, l andy built of heat retaining material` and constructed practically as any regenerative by-product coke oven orA the like. The `chambers arie-all communieatively connected to the passages 5, -l6 and 19. Furnaces i and J8 are built on to the regenerators in a communicatiye mannerq so that the heat can .be Ldelivered `to the regenerators 1 and 2. These two furnaces are equipped with air tight lire -box doors 20. The How of the gases through the entire apparatus is controlled by valves 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 111. The gases Which are used as a destructive medium for the process of carbonization are forced into the regenerators from the retort or oyen 15 by means of a fan through a condenser 17 then through the passage 5 past the valve 11 into the chambers of regenerator 1. Considering` the ,valves to be in position as shown in the drawings With ,furnace 8 in operation, the gases oit coind tion ,generated in said furnace i through "chambers l and 41:, in the Serial No. 82,321.

erator 2and on by the valve 9 through the channel 18 and escape yby .the smokestack 18 to the outside atmosphere. It is understood that these gases last mentioned are forced through the regenerator 2 for the purpose ot heating` the walls of the chambers and that there are Ino other gases there at the time `of their' presence. `With the valves 1 2 and 10 closed ,and valve 1 1 open, as indicated in the clraiviiip,` the gases used as a carbonizing and heatingmedium are forced by the bloiver 16 and directed to the regenerator y1 lthrough thechannels 5 by the valve 11 to the chambers 3, B". Consider that thechambers 3. 3' Einthe -regenerator 1 are in a heatedcondition, the gases passing through said chambers receive the heat therefrom and through the airtight shut furnace 7 and the channel 19 enter the chambers 2 1. The hot gases then leave through chamber 6 and ,enter the retort or oven 15 Where they are used as a heating medium inthe process vof distillation. During the process lastV mentioned it `is understood that vthe chambers 1, il are being' heated by lthe products 0f .COmbustion in the furnace `8. The regenerators 1 and 2 are ,alternately heated to a point Athat Will permit `the gases to enter the retort at `the `desired temperature When the temperature of lthe gases fall to a lpoint too low for use as a heating medium. ythen the floiv of the gases is by means ot the yalves Adescribed above directed to the regenerator What I specifically consider Aas an improvement and some of their heat to the walls of chambers 2l and 2l and then by a channel 6 enter the retort at the desired temperature. The temperature of the chambers of the regenerator l slowly decreases, then the heat of the walls in the chambers 2l and 2l' will deliver their heat to the gases, and thus lengthen the operating time of the regenerator l, and the work as an equalizer. Wlhen the gases finally reach the minimum point, the flow of the gases is directed through the regenerator 2 and the chambers 21 and 2l will again work as an equalizer. Wlhile the gases are forced through regenerator l, the regeneratoi' 2 is being' heated and` made ready for use. thus affording a continuous operation of the regeneratiiig plant.

From the drawing it will be clearly understood while following these specifications how the heating medium is controlled, reheated and transferred to the kiln and gases being easily kept at a certain temperature by alternating the passage between the regenerators l and 2, and by the arrangement of the chambers 21 and 2l. which work as an equalizing device. It will also be understood that the regenerators aie being reheated while the other is delivering` its heat to the gas to be used as a heating medium in the retort.

Having fully described my invention, I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent:-

l. A device of the class described comprising an equalizing chamber, a plurality of heating chambers each provided with a communicating furnace and disposed adjacent said equalizing chamber, all of said chambers being constructed of heat retaining material, chiots independently connecting said heating chambers with the equalizing chamber, means for selectively cutting off communication between any of said heating chambers and the equalizing chamber, means for causing the passage of gases of combustion through any of said heating chambers when not connected with said equalizing chamber whereby to provide for the transmission of heat to the walls of the heating chambers, said equalizing chamber being provided with an outlet poit adapted to direct the gases to a kiln, and the heating chambers having inlet ports adapted to receive gases from a kiln.

2. A device of the class described comprising an equalizing chamber, a plurality of heating chambers each provided with a communicating furnace, and disposed adjacent said equalizing` chamber, said equalizing chamber being located between the heating chambers, and all of said chambers being` constructed of heat retaining material, ducts independently connecting said heating chambers with the equalizing chamber, means for selectively cutting off communication between any of said heating chainbers and the equalizing chamber, means for causing the passage of gases of combustion through any of said heating` chambers when not connected with said equalizing chamber whereby to provide for the transmission of heat to the walls of the heating chambers, said equalizing chamber being provided with an outlet port adapted to direct the gases to a kiln, and the heating chambers having inlet ports adapted to receive gases from a kiln. y 4 y y y 8. A device of the class described coinprising an equalizing chamber, a plurality of heating chambers disposed adjacent said equalizing chamber and each provided with a communicating furnace, and all of said chambers being constructed of heat retaining material, chiots connecting said furnaces independently with the central chamber, means for selectively connecting said furnaces with both the equalizing chamber and a heating chamber, or with a heating chamber alone when the heat is to be transmitted to the walls ot the latter by the gases of combustion, and said equalizing chamber being provided with an outlet port adapted to direct the gases to a retort, said outlet port being located so as to cause the gases to pass through said chamber before being discharged therefrom, and the heating chainbers having' inlet ports adapted to receive gases from a kiln. y

a. A device of the class described comprising an equalizing chamber, a plurality of heating chambers disposed adjacent said equalizing chamber and each provided with a communicating furnace, said equalizing chamber being located between the heating chambers, and all of said chambers being constructed of heat retaining material, ducts connecting said furnaces independently with the central chamber, means for selectively connecting said furnaces with both the equalizing chamber and a heating chamber, or with a heating chamber alone when the heat is to be transmitted to the walls of the latter by the gases of combustion, and said equalizing chamber being provided with an outlet port adapted to direct the gases to a retort, said outlet port being located so as to cause the gases to pass through said chamber before being discharged therefrom, and the heating chambers having inlet ports adapted to receive gases from a kiln.

5. In a device of the class described, an equalizing chamber, heating chambers iii communication with said equalizing chamber, a furnace in communication with each of said heating chambers, ducts leading from said heating chambers to the equalizing chamber, ducts leading from the heating chamber to a stack, means for closing either of said ducts whereby the heating chambers may be selectively cnt-od' l Gi) from Communication with either the stack 0i' the equaliy'iing Chamber and the chambers alternately placed in communication With the equalizing chamber, means for permitting the passage of gases of Combustion through each of said heating Chambers from its furnace when the heating,- chambers are not in communication with the equalizing chamber, al1 0f said Chambers being C01i structed of heat retaining material.

In testimony whereof, .I have hereunto set my hand.

W'ILLAM K. LJUNGDAHL. 

